Cervix

The cervix is located inferior to the uterus and serves as a connection point between the vagina and the uterus.

The following are features of the cervix:

1. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that measures about 2.5 to 3.0 cm in length.

2. It is divided into a supravaginal portion (lying above the vaginal vault) and a vaginal portion, which protrudes into the vagina.

3. During childbirth, the cervix undergoes ‘cervical softening,’ where the connective tissue becomes pliable due to the action of relaxing.

 The cervix serves the following functions:

1. Maintains a sterile environment in the upper female reproductive tract. This is done by the regular shedding of the endometrium, secretion of thick cervical mucus and a narrow external os.

2. The dilation of the internal and external os allow the movement of sperm into the uterine cavity.